talked about Broadcast historian Erik Barnouw recounts how a documentary series on environmental

talked about. Broadcast historian Erik Barnouw recounts how a documentary series on environmental

Wisecrack

Unbiased news, Fair News, Objective news - can such a thing exist?
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Ask anybody which news source they find most objective, and we'll find you someone else who says that source is totally biased. We thought it was worth asking: Is it even possible for news to be unbiased, and if so, is that something we'd even want? Let's find out in this Wisecrack Edition: Is "Fair News" A Myth?



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The Truth About Unbiased News – Wisecrack Edition

their broadcast drew in millions of listeners

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Dogs! 

Enough about humans and more about some creatures that matter, you no doubt were saying in your mind. So here's a story on pets. This is the story of Hachiko, who is likely the most famous dog in human history. But what is it about this dog that convinced the world to take notice?

We went around Japan to tell the story of the loyal dog who unwittingly saved his breed. Say hello to Hachiko, a very good dog.

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The ALL-AMAZON BASICS Gaming Battlestation!

 What’s up Wisecrack, Jared here. You might have noticed that nobody can agree on what

a reliable news source is. People have been accusing the news of getting worse. More partisan,

more divisive, more lurid. And as people accuse news outlets of slant, spin, bias, or outright

fake news, it’s worth asking: can the news ever be truly impartial?  And where did the

So today we’re going to see if we can answer these questions in this Wisecrack Edition

It’s worth defining objectivity very quickly so we’re going to use Merriam Webster’s

definition of objectivity which is the “lack of favoritism toward one side or another”

and “freedom from bias.” In other words, to report the news objectively means to recount

the goings-on of the world without a specific agenda to promote or a favorite politician

We also need to figure out where the idea of objective news comes from, because it’s

a fairly modern phenomenon.  For most of Western history, print publications like pamphlets

were just another method of the king or landowner passing down whatever he wanted his subjects

to know or, a method for the church to communicate with the faithful. But this started changing

in the 18th century as the philosophies of the enlightenment worked their way into all

aspects of culture, including news publications. Just as artists and scientists used the enlightenment

principle of reason to explore the world untethered from God and the aristocracy, so too did news

publications that sprung up to offer accounts of social and political affairs.

And this offered a new perspective on the role of objectivity in the press, as the same

enlightenment principles that tried to understand the natural world without bias were used to

Philosopher Terry Eagleton has discussed the complicated early days of the free press in

his book, ‘The Function of Criticism’, which begins with an account of two of the

earliest English papers, The Spectator and The Tatler. According to Eagleton, both of

these papers used “moral correction and satiric ridicule” to offer criticisms of

the aristocracy that would’ve previously gotten writers locked in a dungeon. At first

glance, it would seem like this new freedom would enable an objective type of journalism

that could inform regular citizens about current events.

But according to Eagleton, these publications were far from objective, and in fact, they

largely served the purpose of the emerging bourgeoisie while creating an “acceptable”

way to offer criticisms of the ruling class. What was even capable of being said, Eagleton

notes, was defined by England’s ruling bloc. The very ability to participate in the disinterested

debate of English newspapers usually meant that one had to be a landowner too, meaning

ironically that “only those with an interest can be disinterested.” In other words, the

debate, disagreements, and coverage of these papers were all predicated on people who were

“impartially” trying to grease the wheels of the society that kept them and their fellow

While Eagleton was looking back in time at England’s press in the 1700s, philosopher

Søren Kierkegaard offered harsh criticism of Copenhagen’s press that emerged during

his lifetime, a hundred years later. But while Eagleton was critical of the European press

for failing to offer a truly objective perspective on current events, Kierkegaard was critical

of the papers in Copenhagen for being too objective. One of Kierkegaard’s key philosophical

tenets was that “truth is subjectivity”, which for him meant that for anything to be

true, it had to elicit passion and commitment. Now that might sound a little bit strange,

In terms of journalism, Kierkegaard thought that the lack of subjectivity in the press

created a lack of passion and intensity in the public, and led to an age of passionless

reflection, where people would rather observe what was happening around them than take any

active role in it. One of the effects of the supposed objective press, according to Kierkegaard,

was that everyone reading the papers became one big anonymous group called “the public.”

The news just becomes a form of general entertainment describing the world in a pseudo-objective

Now if this all sounds a little bit abstract, we can consider the work of Jon Stewart. As

the host of the Daily Show, Jon Stewart embodied the opposite of the press that Kierkegaard

hated so much precisely because he operated in a mode of subjectivity.

As writer Matt Taibbi put it in the New York Times:

“Some object to the characterization of Stewart as a journalist, because he “has

opinions” and “isn’t objective,” but those people aren’t to be taken seriously.

Opinion can’t be extracted from reporting. The only question is whether or not it’s

Taibbi points out that objectivity is a guise that the press can hide behind to avoid responsibility.

Unlike CNN’s marketing initiative to put “Facts first”, Stewart operated in a mode

of pure subjectivity, letting his audience know his biases upfront, and breaking from

the humor of his show to get passionate about issues he cared about like healthcare for

9/11 first responders. It’s not that facts don’t exist, but simply hiding behind “the

facts” to distance yourself from your own bias is, well, bad.

So if Kierkegaard pointed all of this out in the nineteenth century, and Eagleton expanded

on it over thirty-five years ago, why are we still so hung up on the promise of an objective

The idea of objectivity in American journalism largely comes from the work of Walter Lippmann,

a twentieth-century journalist and media critic who thought that journalists needed to incorporate

the scientific method into their reporting. Lippmann thought that by presenting citizens

with this more impartial news that they would be better informed and the democratic process

While Lippmann seems to have been well-intentioned, the reason that objectivity in the news became

so popular in the twentieth century had little to do with democratic aspirations. Instead,

the real driving force behind the push towards objectivity in the American media was America’s

most famous past time . . . advertising. Because as the press grew into a fully-fledged industry,

advertising became the largest source of media revenue.

 Today's news today! Produced for Camel cigarettes by NBC!

 As a result, having a narrow audience with a specific political slant was a business

liability. If a newspaper only focused on offering a socialist perspective on political

events in some mid-sized city, advertisers weren’t interested. Or worse, a paper with

the opposite viewpoint might spring up and take away half of your market share.

Media scholar Gerald Baldasty notes that nineteenth century advertisers, “wanted less criticism

of public officials and reminded publishers that partisanship hurt circulation, and consequently,

Even if you had a widely read paper with a specific political leaning, that leaning might

have also scared away advertisers, dooming your business from the get-go. As noted by

Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky in their book “Manufacturing Consent,” plenty of

papers throughout history were more widely read than their allegedly more objective competitors,

but a lack of advertising meant they were either put out of business or bought by their

rivals flush with ad-dollars. And once that happened, their coverage began to resemble

the ad-friendly coverage of their parent company.

So offering an “objective” perspective became code  for keeping everything vanilla

for the widest audience possible. It’s much like Kierkegaard predicted, that the press

would turn individuals into one big anonymous public, and in this case, the anonymous public

is made up of consumers who can make money for both news sources and their advertisers.

Test your pronunciation!

“broadcast”